Bulgarian and macedonian are mutually intelligible between 80% and 90%, as are czech and slovak. University of groningen mutual intelligibility in the slavic. Mutual intelligibility between west and south slavic. Mutual intelligibility chart for the slavic languages. In fact, uygur probably differs less from turkish than some dialects within germany and italy,for example. Russian has a quite high degree of intelligibility with bulgarian,possibly on the order of 75%. Maybe in a very basic level you can pick up some words or even some small phrases. It is also an officially recognized minority language in serbia, montenegro, north macedonia and kosovo. Within this research program, a largescale webbased intelligibility test is performed, including cloze tests and word translation tasks. Not sure about other languages, but russian and ukranian are very mutually intelligible. Is the difference as far apart as the germanic languages, or. Bulgarian and macedonian surely appear to be separate languages, as far apart as polish and slovak.
During the protobaltoslavic period a number of exclusive isoglosses in phonology, morphology, lexis, and syntax developed, which makes slavic and baltic the closest related of all the. Mutual intelligibility and surprisal in slavic intercomprehension. Mutual intelligibility wikimili, the best wikipedia reader. Mutual intelligibility means two people can understand each other when speaking. Spanish,yielding20languagepairsandslavic bulgarian,croatian,czech,polish, slovak,slovene,i. Mutual intelligibility of languages in the slavic family. Mutual intelligibility between closely related languages. The main dialects of croatian,serbian, montenegrin and bosnian are apparently mutually. Pdf in the present study we tested the level of mutual intelligibility. Mutual intelligibility of languages in theslavic family. This thesis explores mutual intelligibility in the slavic language area how to. Either there are no reliable sources on mutual intelligibility or the people working on this article have no way of accessing them.
Torlakian considered a subdialect of serbian old shtokavian by some has a significant level of mutual intelligibility with macedonian and bulgarian. But the reason for that maybe cause in southeastern serbia we speak the prizrentimok dialect which is kinda similar to macedonian, but also bulgarian. But again, this is a separate discussion from mutual intelligibility. Its important to note that mutual intelligibility is highly subjective. Factors explaining intelligibility a model of intelligibility. In addition, it is a recognized minority language in montenegro, where it is spoken by the relative majority of. In this video we are testing polish serbian mutual intelligibility. University of groningen mutual intelligibility in the. But true mutual intelligibility,it seems,is way far from that. I am serbian native speaker, and i can say that the serbian and all other south slavic languges are very mutually intelligible, onley with bulgarian could be a little problems. If you become fluent in serbian, than youll also be fluent in croatian and vice versa. If i were to decide, i would limit the article to an explanation of the term mutual intelligibility, give one or two examples and simply delete all the rest of it. Nadia is helping me test polish bulgarian mutual intelligibility.
Macedonian sounds also pretty mutually intelligible with serbian to me. Bosnian is one of three such varieties considered official languages of bosnia and herzegovina, along with croatian and serbian, and also an officially recognized minority or regional language in serbia, montenegro, and the republic. The results show that in most cases, a division between west and south slavic languages does exist and that west. For example, could a russian and a bulgarian understand each other just talking their native languages.
Orthography in language modeling of mutual intelligibility. Prior to the codification of standard macedonian, macedonian dialects were described by linguists as being either dialects of bulgarian or serbian. Note how close both czech and slovak are to polish and slovenian. Serbs speak much faster than russians, and an average russian wouldnt understand a word of serbian when they speak, because its just too fast, ev. How can the mutual intelligibility between closely related languages be measured. Czech, slovak, polish, croatian, slovenian and bulgarian on the level of lexicon, orthography.
Slavic languages descend from protoslavic, their immediate parent language, ultimately deriving from protoindoeuropean, the ancestor language of all indoeuropean languages, via a protobaltoslavic stage. Dialectology, obviously, is the study of dialect and dialects. The modern south slavic languages form a continuum of a series of mutually intelligible dialects. In linguistics, mutual intelligibility is a relationship between languages or dialects in which. Pdf mutual intelligibility between west and south slavic languages. There are conflicting reports about the mutual intelligibility of turkic languages, but still, they differ much less among each other than say,the germanic or romance languages. Instead of similarity, we could also use the inverse concept of distance, in which case, the greater the distance between two languages, the smaller their degree of mutual intelligibility. The ukranian language shares some vocabulary with the languages of the neighboring slavic nations, most notably with polish, slovak in the west and belarusan, russian in the north and the east. Lexical and orthographic distances between germanic. It is sometimes used as an important criterion for distinguishing languages from dialects, although sociolinguistic factors are often also used. Pdf mutual intelligibility of languages in the slavic. Mutual intelligibility of slavic languages yahoo answers.
Mutual intelligibility between west and south slavic languages 63 1. In a cloze test both texts and individual words are. It is commonly believed that all slavic languages are fully mutually intelligible, which implies that they are close. Mutual intelligibility between west and south slavic languages. After the breakup of yugoslavia, serbocroatian, defined as the common language of serbs, croats, bosniaks and montenegrins, officially split into three mutually intelligible languages serbian, croatian and bosnian. Serbian cpc je, srpski jezik belongs to the south slavic group of the slavic branch of the indoeuropean language family. Serbian is a tonal language, plus the accent on the syllables is fixed especially in 2 slb words which makes it a very predictable language.
Between sources, you might find some claiming that two languages are mutually intelligible, while other sources claim those same languages arent. The two endpoints, slovene and bulgarian, are not mutually intelligible, but the transitions from serbian croatian to macedonian and bulgarian to macedonian are gradual and mutual intelligibility is high. Mutual intelligibility in the slavic language area 66 3. Crc 1102 project c4 models for mutual intelligibility march, 2015 1416. Note also how close serbian is to slovenian and macedonian. Macedonians closest relative is bulgarian,with which it has a high degree of mutual intelligibility. The degree of mutual intelligibility between language vari. It is the official language of serbia, coofficial in the territory of kosovo, and one of the three official languages of bosnia and herzegovina. Are serbian and russian mutually intelligible languages. If written down there can be some mutual intellegibility, spoken hardly any. I spent the first 6 years of my life in ukraine and grew up speaking russian and english russian was the main language of ukraine back then, these days i dont speak it natively anymore but i still know my fair share of russian.
In the present study we tested the level of mutual intelligibility between three west slavic czech, slovak and polish and three south slavic languages croatian, slovene and bulgarian. Measuring crosslinguistic intelligibility in the germanic. Measuring crosslinguistic intelligibility in the germanic, romance. Mutual intelligibility among slavic languages antimoon forum. We therefore expect crosslanguage intelligibility between slovene and croatian to be asymmetric and in favour of serbiancroatian. Mutual intelligibility among the slavic languages by robert lindsay the mutual intelligibility mi of the languages of the slavic family is an interesting topic because many are mutually intelligible to one degree or another. Dialects, that is, can be regarded as subdivisions of a particular language. Macedonian is closely related to and shares a high degree of mutual intelligibility with the bulgarian and serbian languages. To what extent are different slavic languages mutually.
English czech polish bulgarian russian preliminary results. Hes the site administrator and i am waiting for him to give me some site tools i. In the present study we tested the level of mutual intelligibility. The question then becomes which features and which adaptation procedures one needs to consider. How mutually intelligible are the various slavic languages. Ussr divided the central asian turkic speech communities into separate languages. Finally, we demonstrated that despite the high linguistic similarity, speakers of serbian and croatian. These mutually intelligible languages will make you do a. Cannot measure mutual intelligibility many languages fail the test of mutual intelligibility standard languages and governments impact what is a language and what is a dialect. Bulgarian macedonian serbian russian belarusian upper. Russian has a quite high degree of intelligibility with bulgarian, possibly on the order of 75%. Introduction in the 1990s, after the fall of communism, the main language of yugoslavia, serbocroatian, has disintegrated into three or four standards. In linguistics, mutual intelligibility is a relationship between languages or dialects in which speakers of different but related varieties can readily understand each other without prior familiarity or special effort.
From psycholinguistics and computational modeling we know that lg proc. Mutual intelligibility between closely related languages in europe pdf. Bosnian, croatian and serbian shtokvakian of course can understand each other. In addition, the differences between the slavonic dialects are so great that.
In answering this question, i will honour a soviet tradition that i always hated starting a book, an article, a lecture, whatever, with a citation from marx or engels. Slavic language mutual intelligibility best, people. Under colonialism, thailand was an independent kingdom, but laos was under french rule. Results from,566 participants were analyzed for the 70 withinfamily combinations of speaker. Jason needs to get off his lazy ass and help me with the site. I have serious doubts about the mutual intelligibility between slavic languages. The whole issue concerning mutual intelligibility between serbian and bulgarian revolves around the pronounciation. Having a large body of recognizable vocabulary is a necessary condition for mutual intelligibility, but it is nowhere near sufficient. Last voicesson sesler robert lindsay mutual intelligibility of l. Mutual intelligibility among the slavic languages beyond. Mutual intelligibility in slavic language specific. Orthographic and morphological correspondences between.
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